A REVIEW OF MENDELIAN/NON-MENDELIAN NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS COMMONLY REPORTED FROM PAKISTANI POPULATION
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Date
2022-06-16
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Department of Biotechnology, KCW Lahore.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Neurological disorders (NDs) are broad spectrum nervous
system disorders with variable severity. Most of neurological disorders are genetically
heterogeneous with overlapping clinical features making diagnosis challenging. NDs
usually remain enclosed in Pakistan due to lack of proper health facilities, insufficient
resources, illitracy, and associated stigmatization. A small scaled cross-sectional
general population based survey, and meta-analysis, was conducted on an arbitrarily
selected sample from Lahore and other urban areas of Pakistan, to analyze and
interpret prevalence of these disorders such as; depression, migraine, schizophrenia,
epilepsy, stroke, dementia, ADHD, autism. This study also aims to report majorly
reported novel genes found in previous studies about the frequently present
neurological disorders.
OBJECTIVES: This review highlights the prevalence of neurological and
neurodegenerative disorders, novel genes reported in consanguineous families, and
their mode of inheritance; monogenic/ Mendelian and polygenic/non-Mendelian
inheritance reported in the Pakistani population since last ten years, and to provoke the
need for epidemiological data for better findings. The survey and meta-analysis
depicting which age groups are more likely suffering from these disorders and the
public opinion about it. It was found out that most prevalent ND among Pakistani
population was depression among young people frequently present in females.
METHODS: Studies reviewed were all held in between last ten years 2012-2022. The
data extracted from these studies for different neurological research is compiled to
obtain accurate and efficient extrapolations. Different databases and search engines
were used to retrieve the data which included schihub, google scholar, web of science,
NCBI. All figures were made through Biorender. An online small scale survey was
conducted with the help of Google forms, from general population to speculate the
prevalence of neurological disorders in urban areas of Pakistan from 110 different
10
households, the study included total of 153 people. Meta-analysis was conducted on
results obtained from the survey by using statistical software IBM-SPSS.
RESULTS: It was found that the affected individuals mostly belonged to the age
group of 15-30 were females mostly suffering from depression and were in non consanguineous marriage or were unmarried, but getting easily stressed. Alongside
this study also reports 41 novel genes of neurological degenerative and
neurodevelopmental disorders among Pakistani population extracted from last ten
years study.
CONCLUSIONS: Pakistan being a developing country has very scarce information
reported for neurological disorders, these disorders are increasing day by day and
mental health is affected of not only the patient but also of the ones surrounding him.
It is the need of the hour to spread awareness and do more strategic work and studies.
The government of Pakistan needs to promote genetic counselling, testing and
campaigns to educate people about consanguineous marriages and its risk factors
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Keywords
Neurological disorders, neurogenics, consanguineous marriages, genetic disorders n Pakistan