PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS AFFECTING BODY IMAGE IN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS- A QUALITATIVE STUDY
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Date
0023-06-12
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KINNAIRD COLLEGE PSYCHOLOGY DEPARTMENT
Abstract
The current qualitative research was conducted using a phenomenological approach to study the
psychosocial factors affecting body image in university students in a way that sheds light onto
the phenomena of body image only in a pure and comprehensive manner. This study aims to
highlight how the psychosocial factors affect body image and shape one’s perception. Purposive
sampling strategy was used to collect data from a sample of 4 female participants aged 18-25
who had normal BMI ranges. An interview guide was developed using Urdu and English
languages with probes to guarantee in-depth knowledge and understanding of the what role these
factors play and what other factors are involved. Feasibility of the data was increased by
conducting a pilot study prior to conducting the main research. Semi structured interviews
following a consent form from the participants were conducted for data collection. The data was
analyzed using six step thematic analysis by Braun and Clark (2006). Four major themes were
identified namely “perceived body issues” which had the subthemes of physical features, weight
concerns, menstrual issues and aesthetic surgeries. The second theme “preferred treatments”
include aesthetic surgeries. Third theme “sociocultural influences” focused on external pressure,
reassurances from men, traumatic experiences and type of education. Lastly, the fourth theme
i.e., “cognitive perspectives” highlighted the role of self-esteem, low self-expectations and
coping strategies. The finding emphasized on the effects of psychosocial factors and the role of
any new factors on the one’s perception. Certain new factors were also highlighted. This research
was supported by empirical evidence provided by the preexisting literature. The strengths,
limitations and future implications have also been studied.
Key words: body image, qualitative study, coping strategies, self-esteem