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Item ANALYSIS OF HEAVY METALS IN THE KIDNEY, MUSCLE TISSUE AND BLOOD OF INDIAN BULLFROG SPECIES (Hoplobatrachus tigerinus) COLLECTED FROM SIALKOT AND GUJRANWALA DISTRICTS(DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY KINNAIRD COLLEGE FOR WOMEN UNIVERSITY LAHORE,, 2023-06-15) BISMA NOOR, AHMAD TOBA HABIB & LARAIB FATIMAAmphibians include frogs, salamanders, and caecilians, which are vertebrate tetrapods. Frogs are known as "indicator species" because they are the first to be affected by environmental degradation. They are particularly sensitive to environmental changes and can provide scientists with significant information on how an ecosystem functions. The research was focused on analysis of heavy metals in the kidney, muscle tissue and blood in Indian Bullfrog (Hoplobatrachus tigerinus) specie collected from the selected areas of Gujranwala and Sialkot Districts. Their significance in regard to the role they play as pollution indicators was observed. Samples from both study areas were collected by using sweep nets. Frogs were dissected humanely and organ specimens were preserved in 10% buffered Formalin Solution. Blood samples were collected by cardiac puncture and acid digested with 1HNO3: 0.3HClO4 on hot plate. For heavy metal detection in the samples of kidney and muscle tissues of frogs were burnt to ashes in the muffle furnace at 600°C (1hour for kidney and 2hours for muscle tissue) respectively and then acid digested with 1HNO3: 1H2SO4. Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer was used to analyze the digested samples after filtering them to remove any solid particles. The results obtained were compared with standard stock solution values. The analyzed values were then matched with the standard permissible limits recommended by WHO. Experimental results further showed that all the studied metals Cadmium, Chromium, Nickel, Copper, Cobalt, Manganese, and Zinc were present within the permissible limits. The values of heavy metals [Nickel, Zinc, Manganese and Copper] were negligible in muscle tissue, kidney and blood samples and the concentrations of cadmium, chromium and cobalt were notable but within the WHO permissible limits. It indicates that quality of land is better and water quality is above average in both of the study areas. Though some concentrations of heavy metals are naturally present in the groundwater and the tap water sources, the prevalence of these heavy metals could be due to the long-term overuse of ground water as a source of irrigation therefore, the industrial effluent waste and sewage must have leached into vi the soil and contaminated the groundwater in the nearby fields from where frogs were collected. This research would be helpful in providing baseline information on pollution status as well as defining the heavy metals' point sources in the study sites.Item TOXICOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF INDIAN BULLFROG SPECIES ORGANS AND WATER SAMPLES COLLECTED FROM SIALKOT AND GUJRANWALA DISTRICTS(DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY KINNAIRD COLLEGE FOR WOMEN UNIVERSITY LAHORE,, 2023-06-15) SHAZMA YAMIN & RABYIA AFZALAmphibians are a class of cold blooded animals, which include frogs, salamanders, and caecilians etc. The Indian bullfrog (Hoplobatrachus tigerinus), native to the Indian subcontinent is a vertebrate tetrapod which is primarily a freshwater aquatic species. The aim of following research was to collect Indian bullfrogs from Gujranwala and Sialkot Districts and study their morphological characteristics and analyze the presence of heavy metals in the liver and skin of the sample species. Furthermore, heavy metal analysis of the water samples of the respective study areas was carried out. Amphibian samples were collected from the research sites using methods such as sweep netting and bait. They were transported to Kinnaird College Lahore, they were excised and their skin and liver was preserved in 10% buffered formalin. Water samples were digested with HNO₃ and evaluated using Atomic Absorption Spectrometer for heavy metal identification, and the results were compared to standard stock solution values. The metals under consideration included Cadmium, Chromium, Copper, Cobalt, Nickel, Manganese and Zinc. The analyzed values were then matched with standard limits recommended by WHO. The morphological characteristics appeared normal in almost all frog species. Both the study areas are the agricultural areas, untreated water and dumping of solid wastes results in the formation of liquid from solid wastes leaches into the ground due to which sewage mixed with groundwater. Since the frogs were collected from ponds containing groundwater therefore heavy metals were detected in the bodies of the frogs which must have absorbed in their bodies from water. Heavy Metals are naturally present in ground water. The values of heavy metals were within the WHO permissible limits in the skin and liver samples. However, the values of Cadmium exceeded the permissible limit in the water samples. Thus, it was concluded that the quality of both study areas was considerably better. However, with regular monitoring, it can be improved further.Item DETECTION OF HEAVY METALS AND IDENTIFICATION OF MACROINVERTEBRATES IN THE SOILS OF JALLO PARK AND BALLOKI HEADWORKS(DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY KINNAIRD COLLEGE FOR WOMEN UNIVERSITY LAHORE,, 2023-06-15) Maham khan, Nimra Tariq & Zamara ZahidThe research was focused on finding and identifying the macroinvertebrates from the soils of Jallo Park and Balloki Headworks and studying their significance in regard to their ecological contribution. Moreover, the concentration of heavy metals in soils of the study areas was also detected. Methods like sweep netting, and litter extraction were used for the collection of macroinvertebrate samples from the study areas, which were later on identified with the help of identification guides. After that the ecological linkages were studied and their diversity was calculated using Simpson’s Index. For heavy metal detection the soil samples were digested with HNO3 and analyzed with atomic absorption spectroscopy and then values were compared with standard stock solution values. The metals under consideration included; Cadmium (Cd), Chromium (Cr), Copper (Cu), Cobalt (Co), Nickel (Ni) and Manganese (Mn). The analyzed values were then matched with standard limits recommended by WHO. The results showed that 26 species were found from Jallo Park in which 8 species were found to be pollution tolerant, 7 species were pollution indicator, and 11 species were sensitive to pollution. 13 species were found from Balloki Headworks in which 4 species were found pollution tolerant, 9 were found to be pollution sensitive and no indicator species was found there. Based on Simpson’s Index of Diversity, Jallo Park species were found to be more diversified as compared to species of macroinvertebrates collected from Balloki Headworks. Simpson’s Diversity Index in Jallo Park came out to be 0.96, whereas it was 0.95 for the diversity of Balloki Headworks. Therefore, it was deduced that Jallo Park is enriched with greater species diversity in comparison to Balloki Headworks. Experimental results further showed that all the metals were present within the permissible limits except Cadmium, Cobalt and Manganese which indicate that the soil was in average condition and with sensible use of fertilizers, good sewage treatment practices and soil nutrient management it can be made more sustainable.Item ANTICANCER AND SKIN REPAIR POTENTIAL OF GUAR GUM(DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY KINNAIRD COLLEGE FOR WOMEN UNIVERSITY LAHORE,, 2023-06-15) Nadia KhanGuar gum is one of the medicinal plants that has been used for various diseases treatments. The purpose of this study is to assess the guar gum plant's capacity to wound healing process and prevent cancer in acid-burned rats. The wound healing capacity of Guar gum extract at different doses (50 and 100 mg/ml) was estimated by using different biochemical experiments. Wound index measurement was done to study wound healing ability of guar gum powder aqueous extract and results were significant indicating the wound healing ability of plant. The maximum potential of healing was observed at 100 mg/ml dose that was (2.2±0.24). MTT assay calculations were used to determine the anticancer effectiveness. The angiogenesis was assessed using the ELISA procedure and antibodies against VEGF (2.6±0.052) and Annexin (1.1±0.033). Biochemical analysis shows that wound become better after treatment with guar gum powder. The high dose level of guar gum plant powder treatment in the current study suggests that it has both anticancer and wound-healing propertiesItem EFFICACY OF PROBIOTICS SUPPLEMENTATION ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE, IMMUNOLOGICAL AND HAEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF LABEO ROHITA(DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY KINNAIRD COLLEGE FOR WOMEN UNIVERSITY LAHORE,, 2023-06-15) JAMILA FATIMA, MOMNA KHALID, MARYUM TARIQTo access water soluble probiotic supplementation mixture of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Trichoderma long brachium on growth, hematological and immunological parameters of Labeo rohita. Fish is divided into two groups, control and experimental. Control group fed only with feed. Experimental group fed with diet + water soluble probiotics. After 60 days there was significant increase in growth of fishes, protein efficiency ratio (PER) and feed conversion ratio (FCR). In evaluating hematological parameters includes hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Ht) Red bloodcell count (RBC), Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV), Mean Corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and Mean Corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH),. As compared to control (2.81 ± 0.03) the red blood cell count (RBC) was significantly higher at treatment group (3.67 ± 0.22) for 60 days and (P <0.05) which were highly significant. The highest hemoglobin percent was recorded at experimental group for 60 days (5.88 ± 0.05) and (P <0.05), whereas the lowest was in the control group (5.45±0.04).The experimental group had the highest Mean Corpuscular hemoglobin concentration values (22.87 ± 0.06) and (P <0.05) which was highly significant than the control group which have the lowest value (19.76 ± 0.04) for 60 days. The immunological parameters include leucocytes count and serum lysozyme activity. The total amount of leucocytes in the fish diet with experimental group was substantially higher (P <0.05) than the fish in the control group. Similarly, the experimental group (7.89 ± 0.05 U ml 1 ) had considerably higher serum lysozyme activity than the control group (4.90 ±0.05 U ml 1 ). The results showed that water soluble probiotics exert a significant influence on survival, growth, hematological, and immunological parameters of Labeo rohita.Item EVALUATION OF SKIN REGENERATION & ANTIBACTERIAL PROPERTIES OF LEMON PEEL(DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY KINNAIRD COLLEGE FOR WOMEN UNIVERSITY LAHORE,, 2023-06-15) SEHARMedicinal plants are believed to have wound healing abilities and are found to be very effective in antibacterial, antiviral, and anticancer activities. One of these plants with curative properties is the lemon. This study aims to evaluate the antibacterial and skin regeneration potential of lemon peel using two E. coli strains and albino rats. The extract in different concentrations of 20 µl and 40 µl was tested against DH5 alpha and BL21 strains, and clear inhibitory zones were observed in both groups. For in vivo investigations, the wound index measurements, sandwich ELISA, antioxidant assays, and histopathological tests of rats were conducted. The two groups of rats were given extracts at doses of 50 mg/ml and 100 mg/ml, and the results were compared to those of injured or untreated rats, which showed wound healing with high levels of VEGF in the treated groups, especially in the group with dose 100 mg/ml. Antioxidant values were found to be highly significant. And the histopathology of skin samples revealed that the skin of treated rats is healing effectively and is almost back to normal. These findings indicate that lemon peel could be very efficient for the treatment of burn wounds and bacterial infections.Item EFFECT OF HERMAL PLANT ON CELLULAR VIABILTY AND SKIN REGENERATION ABILITY OF ACID BURN RATS(DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY KINNAIRD COLLEGE FOR WOMEN UNIVERSITY LAHORE,, 2023-06-15) FARIA ZAINABPeganum Harmala has been used in traditional medicine as a disinfectant and pain reliever for a long time. It is extensively dispersed and utilized as a medicinal plant and also has antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antioxidant, anti-diabetic, anti cancer, and anti-leishmanial effects. The aim of this study is to confirm the cytotoxicity and wound healing potential of the aqueous extract of Peganum harmala. The wound healing capacity of Peganum harmala extracts at different doses (50 and 100 mg/kg body weight) was assessed using the wound index, sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), antioxidant estimation, and histological examination. The maximum potential for wound healing was suggested at extract doses of 50 mg per kg by raising levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Additionally, a dose of 100 mg of Peganum harmala plant extract per kilogram demonstrated remarkable wound healing capacity with elevated VEGF levels. The cytotoxic potential of Peganum harmala extracts on HEK cell line at 570 nm was assessed using the MTT test. The Peganum harmala plant extract was shown to have decreased cytotoxicity or increased cytoprotectivity in the aqueous extracts, indicating that it is safe to use with an IC50 against the HEK cell line. Based on the aforementioned findings, it is strongly advised as a possible continuation of the current effort to extract, identify, and purify phytochemicals from Peganum harmala extractsItem WOUND HEALING AND ANTIFUNGAL PROPERTIES OF LEMON GRASS(DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY KINNAIRD COLLEGE FOR WOMEN UNIVERSITY LAHORE,, 2023-06-15) FAJJAR AZHAR HUSSAINMedicinal Plants have the potential to heal wounds. Lemon grass is one of several plants that have antifungal and wound healing properties. The purpose of this study is to confirm the antifungal and wound healing properties of lemon grass extracts in albino rats with acid-burned injuries. The antifungal potential of lemon grass extracts (20 µl and 40 µl) on Candida albicans showed remarkable positive results by indicating the inhibition zone. Lemon grass extracts demonstrated best antifungal results at 20 µl. At 40 µl, it also showed excellent antifungal results. The wound healing potential of lemon grass extracts was estimated using the wound index measurement, antioxidant estimation, sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and histological test. The results obtained were highly significant. Lemon grass demonstrated remarkable wound contraction potential by increasing vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) level at different doses (50 and 100 mg/ml). Lemon grass extracts demonstrated the greatest wound healing potential at 100 mg/ml (the VEGF marker increased, while apoptosis decreased) whereas at 50 mg/ml it also demonstrated great wound healing ability. In addition, the histopathological tests also confirmed the wound healing potential of lemon grass extracts. Based on the above results, the extraction, recognition, and purification of phytochemicals from lemon grass extracts is strongly recommended as a viable extension for future research.Item ANTIFUNGAL AND INJURY REGENERATION POTENTIAL OF GREEN TEA(DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY KINNAIRD COLLEGE FOR WOMEN UNIVERSITY LAHORE,, 2023-06-15) DAMNA TARIQGreen tea has beneficial effects on human health including anticarcinogenic, antiviral, antibacterial and antifungal activity. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the wound healing and antifungal ability of green tea plants in acid burn rats and Candida albican. The antifungal activities were done by ditch plate method. The antifungal potential of green tea extract on Candida albican established remarkably positive results by demonstrating the inhibitory zone at a level of 40 ul. Biochemical assays such as antioxidant tests were conducted. ELISA protocol was used to evaluate the angiogenesis and the antibodies used were Annexin-V and VEGF. Camellia Sinensis plant extract showed remarkable wound healing capacity with elevated VEGF levels at a dosage of 100 mg/ml and decreases apoptosis level by using the same concentration. The ability of green tea extract to treat wounds was also proven by the histopathological examination. The wound index was measured to study the wound healing power of green tea extract and the results were significant. The study depicts that wound healing was observed after green tea plant treatment.Item SYNTHESIS OF IONIC LIQUIDS AND THEIR IN-VIVO AND IN-VITRO TOXICOLOGICAL ASSA(DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY KINNAIRD COLLEGE FOR WOMEN UNIVERSITY LAHORE,, 2023-06-15) ZARA BASHIRDeep eutectic solvents belong to the class of ionic liquids. They are called as “Designer solvents” because we can mold or change them according to our requirements. The synthesis of Ionic liquid (ILs) and them in-vivo and in-vitro toxicological activities were the main goals of this study. An ammonium-based salt tetrahexyl ammonium bromide (THAB) was taken as a hydrogen bond acceptor and decanoic acid (DA) was taken as a hydrogen bond donor to synthesize deep eutectic solvent. Both components were heated at 80oC for 2 hours. A homogenous solution was obtained which was labelled as S13. The pure and diluted form of solvent was applied to bacteria, fungi and fish to test its toxicity. The solvent shows both positive and negative toxic effects on test organisms. In bacteria 10-3 didn’t show any zone of inhibition on S.aureus and in E.coli on 10-2 it didn’t show any zone of inhibition. DES was applied to pre cultured plates of A.niger an inhibition ring showed up after incubation and zero inhibition on cultured plates of A.niger. In full test in fishes, all dilutions except 10-5 resulted in mortalitiesItem SYNTHESIS OF IONIC LIQUIDS AND THEIR IN-VIVO AND IN-VITRO TOXICOLOGICAL ASSAY(DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY KINNAIRD COLLEGE FOR WOMEN UNIVERSITY LAHORE,, 2023-06-15) ZARA BASHIRDeep eutectic solvents belong to the class of ionic liquids. They are called as “Designer solvents” because we can mold or change them according to our requirements. The synthesis of Ionic liquid (ILs) and them in-vivo and in-vitro toxicological activities were the main goals of this study. An ammonium-based salt tetrahexyl ammonium bromide (THAB) was taken as a hydrogen bond acceptor and decanoic acid (DA) was taken as a hydrogen bond donor to synthesize deep eutectic solvent. Both components were heated at 80oC for 2 hours. A homogenous solution was obtained which was labelled as S13. The pure and diluted form of solvent was applied to bacteria, fungi and fish to test its toxicity. The solvent shows both positive and negative toxic effects on test organisms. In bacteria 10-3 didn’t show any zone of inhibition on S.aureus and in E.coli on 10-2 it didn’t show any zone of inhibition. DES was applied to pre cultured plates of A.niger an inhibition ring showed up after incubation and zero inhibition on cultured plates of A.niger. In full test in fishes, all dilutions except 10-5 resulted in mortalities.Item TOXICITY PROFILING OF CARICA PAPAYA LEAVES(DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY KINNAIRD COLLEGE FOR WOMEN UNIVERSITY LAHORE,, 2023-06-13) AYESHA SHAHZADThe common name of papaya plant is papita. The scientific name is Carica. papaya. It is soft stem long plant. The peel, pulp and seed of the papaya contains phytochemical and the carotenoids. The plant extract was done by drying the leaves of papaya plant in shade and stock solution was prepared (1mg/ml, 2mg/ml, 10mg/ml, 50mg/ml, 100mg/ml). three bacterial strains were used (Streptococcus pneumonia, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) for the determination of antibacterial activity, and for the determination of antifungal activity aspergillus niger was used. For the determination of antioxidants DPPH and catalase assay was done. For cytotoxicity nalysis MTT assay was performed. The DPPH assay shows the dose P10 is show significant results, P50 and P100 show highly significant result. The catalase assay shows the dose P10(10mg/ml,5.5±0.19), P50(50mg/ml, 7.2±0.055) and P100 (100mg/ml, 11±0.14) show significant result as compared to control. The antibacterial activity of papaya leave extract against the S.pneumonia, the results shown in dilution 20 µl of dose P10 (10 mg /ml, 1.5333±0.120). and for the P. aeruginosa, the best results were shown in dilution 40 µl of dose P50 (50 mg/ml, 2.433±0.067). for the S.aereus, the best results were shown in 40 µl of dose P100(100mg/ml, 2.666±0.033). for the determination of antifungal activity The antifungal properties of papaya leave extract against the A.niger. The best result 40 µl show abundant zone of inhibition of dose P100(100mg/ml, 3.033±0.033). To check the toxicity profiling by MTT assay of the C. papaya leaves, shows no toxcicity. Our research concludes that the ethanolic papaya leave extract have ability to inhibit the growth of bacteria and fungus, and have antioxidant capacity.Item DETERMINATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION OF BALLOKI HEADWORKS USING FISH AS BIOINDICATORS(DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY KINNAIRD COLLEGE FOR WOMEN UNIVERSITY LAHORE,, 2023-06-15) MAHNOOR BUTT & FIZZA HAFEEZFishes are aquatic chordates, known to inhabit the freshwater and marine ecosystem for millions of years. They come in a wide variety of sizes, shapes, and colors and are an important source of food for humans and other animals. The aim of this research was to determine the concentration and distribution of heavy metals in gills, skin and muscles of fish. For this purpose fish samples were collect from Balloki Headworks. For heavy metal detection in the samples of skin, gills and muscle tissues of fishes were burn to ashes in the muffle furnace at 600°C for 2 hours respectively and then acid digested with Nitric and Sulphuric acid in (1:1 ratio). Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer was used to analyze the digested samples after filtering them to remove any solid particles. The results obtained were compare with standard stock solution values. The analyzed values were then matched with the standard permissible limits recommended by World Health Organization. Experimental results further showed that all the studied metals Cadmium, Chromium, Nickel, Copper, Cobalt, and Manganese were present in excessive amount in gills, skin, muscle tissues and water samples of Balloki Headworks and value of Zinc is negligible in gills, skin, muscle tissues and water samples of Balloki Headworks. The reason for the remarkable low observed concentration of Zinc may be its least solubility in ground water and formation of an insoluble shielding layer. Fish are excellent pollution indicators as they accumulate toxins and pollutants from their environment in their tissues. Heavy metal analysis in fish is an important process to ensure food safety and protect public health. Balloki Headworks is a major source of drinking water and use for agricultural practices in nearby areas like Lahore and Kasur. This research will help to identify presence of heavy metals in water of Balloki Headworks and assess the risks to human health, aquatic organisms and the environment.Item DETERMINATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION OF BALLOKI HEADWORKS USING FISH AS BIOINDICATORS(DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY KINNAIRD COLLEGE FOR WOMEN UNIVERSITY LAHORE,, 2023-06-15) MAH NOOR, FIZZA HAFEEZ, NADE ALIFishes are aquatic chordates, known to inhabit the freshwater and marine ecosystem for millions of years. They come in a wide variety of sizes, shapes, and colors and are an important source of food for humans and other animals. The aim of this research was to determine the concentration and distribution of heavy metals in gills, skin and muscles of fish. For this purpose fish samples were collect from Balloki Headworks. For heavy metal detection in the samples of skin, gills and muscle tissues of fishes were burn to ashes in the muffle furnace at 600°C for 2 hours respectively and then acid digested with Nitric and Sulphuric acid in (1:1 ratio). Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer was used to analyze the digested samples after filtering them to remove any solid particles. The results obtained were compare with standard stock solution values. The analyzed values were then matched with the standard permissible limits recommended by World Health Organization. Experimental results further showed that all the studied metals Cadmium, Chromium, Nickel, Copper, Cobalt, and Manganese were present in excessive amount in gills, skin, muscle tissues and water samples of Balloki Headworks and value of Zinc is negligible in gills, skin, muscle tissues and water samples of Balloki Headworks. The reason for the remarkable low observed concentration of Zinc may be its least solubility in ground water and formation of an insoluble shielding layer. Fish are excellent pollution indicators as they accumulate toxins and pollutants from their environment in their tissues. Heavy metal analysis in fish is an important process to ensure food safety and protect public health. Balloki Headworks is a major source of drinking water and use for agricultural practices in nearby areas like Lahore and Kasur. This research will help to identify presence of heavy metals in water of Balloki Headworks and assess the risks to human health, aquatic organisms and the environment.Item TOXICITY PROFILING OF CARICA PAPAYA LEAVES(DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY, 2023-06-15) AYESHA SHAHZADThe common name of papaya plant is papita. The scientific name is Carica. papaya. It is soft stem long plant. The peel, pulp and seed of the papaya contains phytochemical and the carotenoids. The plant extract was done by drying the leaves of papaya plant in shade and stock solution was prepared (1mg/ml, 2mg/ml, 10mg/ml, 50mg/ml, 100mg/ml). three bacterial strains were used (Streptococcus pneumonia, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) for the determination of antibacterial activity, and for the determination of antifungal activity aspergillus niger was used. For the determination of antioxidants DPPH and catalase assay was done. For cytotoxicity nalysis MTT assay was performed. The DPPH assay shows the dose P10 is show significant results, P50 and P100 show highly significant result. The catalase assay shows the dose P10(10mg/ml,5.5±0.19), P50(50mg/ml, 7.2±0.055) and P100 (100mg/ml, 11±0.14) show significant result as compared to control. The antibacterial activity of papaya leave extract against the S.pneumonia, the results shown in dilution 20 µl of dose P10 (10 mg /ml, 1.5333±0.120). and for the P. aeruginosa, the best results were shown in dilution 40 µl of dose P50 (50 mg/ml, 2.433±0.067). for the S.aereus, the best results were shown in 40 µl of dose P100(100mg/ml, 2.666±0.033). for the determination of antifungal activity The antifungal properties of papaya leave extract against the A.niger. The best result 40 µl show abundant zone of inhibition of dose P100(100mg/ml, 3.033±0.033). To check the toxicity profiling by MTT assay of the C. papaya leaves, shows no toxcicity. Our research concludes that the ethanolic papaya leave extract have ability to inhibit the growth of bacteria and fungus, and have antioxidant capacity.